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When AI engines or LLMs (large-language models) such as ChatGPT started to become popular, one of the main concerns some people had was the widespread crawling and indexing of content that companies like OpenAI and Anthropic engaged in while training these models, and that this is a form of theft. As some readers are probably aware, I’ve written about this before for previous editions of The Torment Nexus, and I’ve argued that instead of theft or copyright infringement, this kind of indexing should be considered a fair use under US copyright law, just as Google’s scanning of millions of physical books was, because of the transformative nature of that use (one of the four factors that judges have to consider in order to make a fair-use ruling). There have been a couple of court decisions that suggest this might become legal precedent — with certain restrictions — but the Supreme Court has yet to weigh in on the question.

In addition to the numerous copyright-infringement lawsuits that have been launched by authors, publishers, and newspaper owners like the New York Times (which tried to negotiate a payment-for-indexing deal with OpenAI but failed to reach an agreement on price), there have been a number of attempts to foil the scraping and indexing bots that AI companies use to hoover up content. Some are of the “spanner in the spokes” variety, like the Iocaine Project, named after the tasteless poison in the movie The Princess Bride (Never go against a Sicilian when death is on the line!). It is an open-source program that allows website owners to trap AI bots and scrapers in a kind of garbage-infested dead-end, where they are forced to go around and around indexing nonsense in a maze with no exit. Other attempts to foil the bots are a little more sophisticated, and Cloudflare has come up with several. But is the solution worse than the problem?

In case you’re not familiar with Cloudflare, it is what’s known as a CDN or content-delivery network, essentially a giant middleman that stands between your blog or website (or the sites and services of hundreds of thousands of corporations, governments and other entities) and the festering swamp of hackers and ne’er-do-wells that is the open internet. If you use Cloudflare, your site will load a lot faster — because the company caches it and then serves it from its own superfast network of servers — and is also protected from hacking attempts and DDoS (distributed denial of service) attacks, and a host of other nasty behavior. In the interests of full disclosure, I should point out that use Cloudflare for my website, but just for DNS hosting and rerouting, so that when you type in mathewingram dot com you get taken to the right website.

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Continue reading “Does Cloudflare want to protect the web or control it?”

From Nautilus: “In 2006, scientists coined the term “hyperthymesia” to describe cases in which people showed an ability to remember vivid details about events that happened to them throughout their lives, including exact times and dates. Since then, researchers have documented at least 100 cases of hyperthymesia in the literature. Almost uniformly, those who have the condition find the memories — which tend to be carefully indexed by date — intrusive, uncontrollable, and distressing. Which is why the recently published case study of a 17-year-old girl dubbed TL is commanding attention. Like others with hyperthymesia, she can provide an especially rich amount of perceptual, spatial, and temporal information. But unlike the others, she is able to organize these memories into a kind of “memory palace,” and can access them whenever she likes. Most of the memories are filed in virtual binders, according to theme and date.”

He was kidnapped at age 6 and found alive 70 years later thanks to a DNA test

From People: “A California boy who was lured away by a bandana-wearing woman while he played in a park in 1951 was found alive more than 70 years later — and is now a grandfather living on the east coast. Luis Armando Albino was just 6 years old when he vanished from a park in West Oakland, where he was playing with his brother, Roger, on Feb. 21, 1951. Albino was located in part because his niece took a DNA test that led her to an uncle that hadn’t been seen by his family in more than half a century. As Albino played with his brother, a woman wearing a red bandana lured him by promising to buy him candy. The woman spoke to the young Albino, who is of Puerto Rican descent, in Spanish. Instead of buying the boy candy, however, the woman flew him across the country to the east coast, where he was reportedly raised by another family. In 2020, Alequin decided to take an online DNA test and it reportedly had a 22% match.”

Note: This is a version of my When The Going Gets Weird newsletter, which I send out via Ghost, the open-source publishing platform. You can see other issues and sign up here.

Continue reading “This 17-year-old’s memory is as accurate as a computer”

From Global News: “A Prince George, B.C., man received a 90-day driving prohibition after he was spotted by police driving an unusual vehicle on a street on Friday morning. On Sept. 5, an officer was on patrol in the area of 15th Avenue and Nicholson Street at 9 a.m. when they spotted a man driving a pink toy car down the street. The toy appeared to be a Power Wheels Barbie Jeep Wrangler. Kasper Lincoln told Global News he’d borrowed the toy, which belongs to his roommate’s daughter, to go get a Slurpee. During the stop, the police officer believed the driver to be impaired and found that the driver had a suspended licence. The driver was arrested for prohibited driving and he then provided two breath samples that were both over the legal limit and was subsequently issued a 90-day driving prohibition, police said. Lincoln said he hadn’t had anything to drink that morning and had just woken up. He added that the Barbie Jeep was not impounded and had been returned to his roommate’s daughter.”

How the math of shuffling cards almost brought down an online poker empire

From Scientific American: “If you’ve ever shuffled a deck of playing cards, you’ve most likely created a unique deck. That is, you’re probably the only person who has ever arranged the cards in precisely that order. Although this claim sounds incredible, it’s a great illustration of how quickly large numbers can creep into everyday situations—with occasionally challenging consequences, as the developers of an online poker game painfully discovered in the late 1990s. The mathematics of card shuffling is quite easy to explain. To calculate how many arrangements 52 playing cards can have, you must go through all the possible shuffles. A standard deck can be arranged in 52 × 51 × 50 × … × 2 × 1 = 52! different ways. If you do the multiplication and round the answer, you will get a number with 67 zeros. That’s more than a quadrillion times as many ways to arrange these cards as there are atoms on Earth.”

Note: This is a version of my When The Going Gets Weird newsletter, which I send out via Ghost, the open-source publishing platform. You can see other issues and sign up here.

Continue reading “He was fined for driving a pink Barbie Jeep while intoxicated”

From History Workshop: “Africans crossed the Atlantic alongside the earliest Europeans, some trafficked in bondage, others navigating precarious forms of freedom. Yet recent scholarship, particularly since the turn of the century, is starting to give voice to the many Africans who have not been studied or considered important historical actors, erased by both colonial records and modern prejudice. Black conquistadors appear in various ship logs, retellings of expeditions, and even in some of the most famous Indigenous testimonies of the conquest – the Nahua codices. Juan Garrido was a firsthand witness to many critical events during the expansion of the Spanish Empire. But the document which makes Garrido so unique is his probanza, used to petition rewards from the king for service to the crown. This outstanding piece of evidence provides an insight into the life of a Black subject of the Spanish Empire.”

How a dead cat led to the Blue Angels aerobatic fighter-jet team getting quieter

From Substack: “This is the story of a heart-wrenching emotional loss needlessly compounded by unapologetic Constitutional violations. When a beloved family member was terrorized by the United States Navy’s Blue Angels, an American citizen exercised her Constitutional right to criticize her government’s role in her daughter’s suffering. In response, a cadre of emotionally fragile snowflakes masquerading as naval officers chose the coward’s path: they silenced this citizen’s speech, violated their oath to the Constitution, and brought disgrace upon the uniform they claim to honor. A year later, when that same vulnerable creature died after enduring yet another sonic assault during her final days on Earth, the Navy’s Constitutional betrayal compounded the tragedy — an American remained silenced, unable to voice her grief or otherwise hold her government accountable for its role in her family’s suffering.”

Note: This is a version of my When The Going Gets Weird newsletter, which I send out via Ghost, the open-source publishing platform. You can see other issues and sign up here.

Continue reading “This Black man was a Spanish conquistador in the 1500s”

From Wikipedia: “Hyraceum is the petrified and rock-like excrement composed of both urine and feces of the rock hyrax and closely related species. The rock hyrax defecates in the same location over generations, which may be sheltered in caves. These locations form middens that are composed of hyraceum and hyrax pellets, which can be petrified and preserved for over 50,000 years. It is also a sought-after material that has been used in both traditional South African medicine and perfumery. The material hardens and ages until it becomes a fairly sterile, rock-like material that contains compounds giving it an animalic, complex fermented scent that combines the elements of  musk, castoreum, civet, tobacco and agarwood. The material is harvested without disturbing the animals by digging strata of the brittle, resinous, irregular, blackish-brown stone; because animals are not harmed in its harvesting, it is often an ethical substitute for deer musk and civet, which require killing or inflicting pain on the animal.”

This Turkish hotel is suspended on metal beams over an archaeological dig

From Amusing Planet: “In 2009, a construction crew digging the foundation for a new hotel in Antakya, Turkey, made an astonishing discovery. They uncovered a vast mosaic dating back to Roman times, along with more than 35,000 artifacts spanning some 2,300 years from at least 13 different civilizations. Construction of the hotel was immediately put on hold, while a six-month excavation took place. Eleven years later, the 200-room Museum Hotel Antakya opened its doors. The hotel’s five floors are suspended on steel columns above the actual archeological site, where the 11,000 square feet Roman mosaic lay in-situ. The hotel’s lowest floor houses an open-air museum with glass floors and walkways providing a view of the mosaic and the various excavation pits. The guest rooms are stacked above this open space, hovering above the site in a stacked honeycomb structure, with glass windows directly overlooking the findings.”

Note: This is a version of my When The Going Gets Weird newsletter, which I send out via Ghost, the open-source publishing platform. You can see other issues and sign up here.

Continue reading “Thousand-year-old poop is a key ingredient in perfume”