The short life and strange death of rock ‘n’ roller Bobby Fuller

From Discover Music: “No matter how memorable Bobby Fuller’s signature hit was – and his version of “I Fought The Law” is inarguably a classic rock’n’roll record of any era – it always risks being upstaged by the macabre and never-explained circumstances of his death. Born on October 22, 1942 in Baytown, Texas, Fuller became a noted performer in the El Paso, Texas area to which he and his family relocated. Fuller was just 23 when his song hit the charts, but within a few weeks, he met an unseemly and mysterious end. Eight days after the group’s last gig in July 1966, he received an unexplained late night phone call that prompted him to leave in the family Oldsmobile. Later that day, he was found dead by his mother Loraine outside his Hollywood apartment. The car was full of gasoline; accounts have subsequently varied as to whether he had sustained bruises or cuts. His body had been there for some time.”

Her discovery wasn’t alien life but science has never been the same since

From the NYT: “With TV cameras pointed at her, Felisa Wolfe-Simon began speaking at NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C., on Dec. 2, 2010. She was at that time a visiting researcher with the U.S. Geological Survey, speaking to a sizable audience of journalists and bloggers, two of them wearing tinfoil hats, and hordes of streamers online. Days before, NASA had teased “an astrobiology finding that will impact the search for evidence of extraterrestrial life.” Dr. Wolfe-Simon had not found aliens, but she had found a terrestrial organism that was behaving unlike any life form known on Earth. The creature came from Mono Lake, a body of water near Yosemite National Park that is nearly three times as salty as the Pacific Ocean and is full of toxic arsenic. Dr. Wolfe-Simon’s team said they had isolated an organism that could survive on arsenic.”

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The world’s third richest man bought Tolkien’s local pub

From The Oxford Clarion: “The Eagle & Child is Oxford’s most storied inn. It was here that the Inklings met every Tuesday lunchtime – a writing group including J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, and Hugo Dyson, who infamously dismissed a plot twist in the Lord of the Rings with “Not another —ing elf!”. Larry Ellison is the billionaire behind US database giant Oracle. He owns the sixth largest island in Hawaii, hired Steve Jobs as his wedding photographer, and was compared to a lawnmower by a disgruntled engineer. He also doesn’t drink. All this makes him an unusual candidate for an Oxford pub landlord. But then the new Eagle & Child is going to be an unusual pub: it is to be the in-house bar for Ellison’s new Oxford outpost, the Ellison Institute of Technology.”

Letters hidden in my family’s attic reveal a 1910s bank con in Key West

From Atlas Obscura: “My mother doesn’t remember much about when she found the letters. The year was 1975, she was 10, and her father had just purchased a dilapidated two-story house on the island of Key West. She remembers finding a box containing 20 or so handwritten letters that were dated between 1913 and 1915. The collection of letters chronicles the correspondence between two bank colleagues: James L. Johnson, a cashier who lived at 616 Caroline Street, and E. M. Martin, the bank’s vice president and a shadowy figure whose life was riddled with many peculiar twists and turns. Both men worked at the Island City National Bank, a small bank open for only 10 years. The bank has long been an enigma. Its bizarre story stretches over a decade between various cities, countries, and continents. And these hidden letters turned out to be a missing piece of the puzzle, a winding tale of fraud, manhunts, and amnesia.”

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She discovered the greenhouse effect 150 years ago

From the NYT: “In the 1850s, Eunice Foote, an amateur scientist, made a remarkable discovery about greenhouse gases that could have helped form the foundation of modern climate science. But the scientific paper she published that might have added her name to the pantheon of early climate scientists was quickly forgotten, and she faded into obscurity. There isn’t even a photograph of her today. Foote’s ingenious and elegant experiment involved two glass cylinders filled with various substances, including moist air and carbon dioxide. She placed a thermometer in each container, then left them in sunlight. In her 1856 paper about the experiment, “Circumstances Affecting the Heat of the Sun’s Rays,” she wrote that a cylinder with moist air became warmer than one with dry air, and a cylinder filled with carbon dioxide warmed even more. “An atmosphere of that gas would give to our earth a high temperature,” she wrote.

The last two Jewish men in Afghanistan disguised their synagogue as a kebab stand

From Wikipedia: “The country’s last rabbi fled in 1988, and the last formal prayer services were held at the synagogue in 1990. In the mid-1990s, Zablon Simintov moved into the synagogue, by then Kabul’s only functioning synagogue. The Taliban had come to power in 1996, and the synagogue had been deserted and left in disrepair. The Taliban considered the synagogue un-Islamic and as such, ransacked it and frequently arrested Simintov and fellow resident Yitzhak Levin. Simintov and Levin argued frequently about who was the rightful owner of the synagogue, and they lived in different wings. Each would complain to the Taliban about the other, to the point that the Taliban imprisoned both men. To disguise the synagogue from the outside, Simintov operated a kebab restaurant from the building called Balkh Bastan beginning in 2009.”

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This village claims Jesus moved to Japan and became a farmer

From The Smithsonian: “On the flat top of a steep hill in a distant corner of northern Japan lies the tomb of an itinerant shepherd who, two millennia ago, settled down there to grow garlic. He fell in love with a farmer’s daughter named Miyuko, fathered three kids and died at the ripe old age of 106. In the mountain hamlet of Shingo, he’s remembered by the name Daitenku Taro Jurai. The rest of the world knows him as Jesus Christ. It turns out that Jesus of Nazareth did not die on the cross at Calvary, as widely reported. According to local folklore, that was his kid brother, Isukiri. A bucolic backwater with only one Christian resident and no church within 30 miles, Shingo nevertheless bills itself as Kirisuto no Sato or Christ’s Hometown. Every year 20,000 or so pilgrims and pagans visit the site, which is maintained by a nearby yogurt factory.”

Scientists may have solved the infamous ‘move a couch around a corner’ problem

From Scientific American: “For those who have wrestled a bulky couch around a tight corner and lamented, “Will this even fit?” mathematicians have heard your pleas. Geometry’s “moving sofa problem” asks for the largest shape that can turn a right angle in a narrow corridor without getting stuck. The problem sat unsolved for nearly 60 years until Jineon Baek, a postdoc at Yonsei University in Seoul, posted a paper online claiming to resolve it. Baek’s proof has yet to undergo thorough peer review, but initial passes from mathematicians who know Baek and the moving sofa problem seem optimistic. The rules of the problem, which Canadian mathematician Leo Moser first formally posed in 1966, involve a rigid shape turning a right angle in a hallway. Both the shape and the hallway are two-dimensional. Imagine the sofa weighs too much to lift.”

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Oneida silverware started out as a sex and eugenics commune

From USC: Oneida. For most Americans, the name conjures up fine silverware. Few are aware that behind this secular symbol of middle-class respectability lies the story of a 19th-century religious community predicated on radical notions of equality, sex and religion. The community’s founder, John Humphrey Noyes, was the scion of a prominent Vermont family and a graduate of Yale Theological Seminary. He founded his own offshoot of Protestantism called Perfectionism. Noyes believed in the second coming and he also believed he was God’s prophet on Earth. Amid the fervor of religious revival, he attracted a group of devoted followers seeking an alternative to Puritanism. In 1848, he established a revolutionary community in rural New York that aimed to achieve a sin-free life through God’s grace, while espousing equality of the sexes and encouraging sex with multiple partners via “complex marriage.”

She was the first woman to fly rescue missions in a combat zone then became a brain surgeon

From the New York Times: “Valérie André was 10 years old in 1932 when, armed with a congratulatory bouquet, she greeted the hero aviator Maryse Hilsz at the Strasbourg airfield in France. She was already committed to becoming a doctor, an ambitious career goal for a young lady at the time. But she was so warmly received when she presented the flowers to Ms. Hilsz, who had just completed a record-breaking round-trip flight between Paris and Saigon, that she committed herself to another formidable objective: She decided to become an airplane pilot. Valérie André not only pursued both professions; she thrived in them. She became a brain surgeon, a parachutist and a helicopter pilot who was said to be the first woman to fly rescue missions in combat zones for any military force. She was also the first Frenchwoman to be named a general and was a five-time winner of the Croix de Guerre, for bravery in Indochina and Algeria.”

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How did Rationalism lead to the creation of a murder cult?

From SFist: Clockwise from top left: Gwen Danielson in a 2019 mugshot; Jack “Ziz” LaSota; Alexander “Somni” Leatham; Emma Borhanian; Felix “Ophelia” Bauckholt; Maximillian Snyder; Michelle Zajko; and possibly Teresa Youngblut from Instagram

I apologize in advance for this post, which may not interest many of you, or may be too meandering and/or inconclusive for others. Some pieces I write for The Torment Nexus involve a topic where I have a clear point of view that has been established over time — copyright and artificial intelligence, the absurdity of the TikTok ban, etc. This is not one of those times. In this case, I’m trying to think through a particular subject, and writing about things helps me think through them in a more logical (one might even say rational) way. You are welcome to join me on this journey, but obviously you don’t have to!

The subject or subjects of this newsletter have been sort of brewing in the back of my mind for some time, but they started to crystallize when I read about what is known as the “Zizian cult,” a group of what appear to be mostly trans women who have adopted n extreme version of Rationalist philosophy, following the writings of someone who goes by the nickname Ziz, for reasons that are unclear. The person with that name was born Jack Amadeus LaSota, and some of her followers — she uses female pronouns — have been implicated in four murders: in one, an elderly man had his throat slit, after previously being stabbed by a Samurai sword; in another case, a young woman allegedly killed her elderly parents in Pennsylvania; and most recently, a US border guard was killed during a shootout in Vermont near the US-Canadian border with Quebec.

You may be wondering what any of this has to do with technology, which is allegedly the domain of this newsletter. What’s interesting to me about the Zizians is that they seem to have taken a philosophical approach that one often finds among programmers and other Silicon Valley types, i.e. Rationalism, and taken it to its logical — and possibly absurd — extreme. Rationalism has been around since Plato’s time, but modern rationalism with a capital R is a relatively recent invention, and was popularized by Eliezer Yudkowsky, who runs a site called LessWrong and co-founded the Machine Intelligence Research Institute. Scott Alexander Siskind, a practicing psychiatrist who writes a blog called Astral Codex Ten, is a prominent member of the community, and Elon Musk, Peter Thiel and others have been or are aligned with it.

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This bestselling author lives a secret life as a brain doctor

From The Sunday Times: “Somewhere in Boston there is a doctor who treats disorders of the brain: a brilliant woman, a Harvard graduate, a mother of two. But she has a dark secret. Unbeknown to her colleagues or her patients, she is also a writer of thrillers, churning them out at a terrific rate, nearly all of them bestsellers. Four were on the Sunday Times list of top-selling books of 2024. One, The Housemaid, is being turned into a film starring Sydney Sweeney and Amanda Seyfried; another is set to be a film too, while a third is to be a television series. Across all formats, and including translations, she has sold 17 million books. Do the hospital receptionists have any idea? Apparently not. To them she is just a common brain doctor. She writes under the pen name Freida McFadden and avoids book tours and signings. Some people have wondered if she is in fact AI or a team of writers. “She has published 15 books in the last four years!?” someone wrote on Reddit. “Something super fishy about her.”

The tallest building in North Korea is a thousand-foot-tall hotel that has been empty for decades

From Wikipedia: “The Ryugyong Hotel is a 330 m (1,080 ft) tall unfinished pyramid-shaped skyscraper in Pyongyang, North Korea — it is the most prominent feature of Pyongyang’s skyline and also the tallest building in North Korea. Its name (which means “capital of willows”) is also one of the historical names for Pyongyang. The building has been planned as a mixed-use development, which would include a hotel. Construction began in 1987 but was halted in 1992 as North Korea entered a period of economic crisis after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. After 1992, the building stood topped out, but without any windows or interior fittings. In 2008, construction resumed, and the exterior was completed in 2011. The hotel was planned to open in 2012, for the centenary of founding leader Kim Il Sung’s birth. A partial opening was announced for 2013, but this was later cancelled. In 2018, an LED display was fitted to one side, which is used to show propaganda animations and film scenes.”

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She co-wrote a scholarly paper when she was nine years old

From Wikipedia: “Emily Rosa is the youngest person to have a research paper published in a peer reviewed medical journal. At age nine she conceived and executed a scientific study of therapeutic touch which was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1998. In 1996, Rosa saw a video of Therapeutic Touch practitioners claiming they could feel a “Human Energy Field” emanating from a body and could use their hands to manipulate the HEF in order to treat disease. She heard Dolores Krieger, co-inventor of Therapeutic Touch, claim that everyone had the ability to feel the HEF. Using a standard display board, Rosa devised a single-blind protocol for a study she conducted at age nine for her 4th grade science fair.”

The so-called Mediterranean diet is mostly a work of fiction

From Politico: “It’s the most famous diet in the world. It might also be the most misunderstood. “All this is part of the lifestyle of the Mediterranean diet,” the 72-year-old explains serenely, mopping tomato sauce off his plate with a thick hunk of artisanal bread. It’s a beautiful story and a terrific seasoning for our meal. The only problem is it’s not true. Fifty years since the term was coined by the American physiologist Ancel Keys — and a decade and a half after UNESCO recognized it as an intangible cultural heritage of humanity — the Mediterranean diet has become a mishmash of hyperbole, half-truths and howlers, stirred together for political and commercial ends. There are two competing theories on how the Mediterranean diet was born. Both begin with Keys, its founding father. Keys got his start in the world of nutrition in the 1930s, developing a portable provision for United States troops (the famous “K-ration”).

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There’s a huge network of tunnels underneath Beijing

From Wikipedia: “At the height of Soviet–Chinese tensions in 1969, Chinese Communist Party chairman Mao Zedong ordered the construction of the Underground City. The Underground City was designed to withstand nuclear, biochemical and conventional attacks. The government claimed that the tunnels could accommodate all of Beijing’s six million inhabitants upon its completion. The complex was equipped with facilities such as  restaurants, clinics, schools,  theaters, factories, a roller skating rink, grain and oil warehouses, and a mushroom cultivation farm. Elaborate ventilation systems were installed, with 2,300 shafts that can be sealed off to protect the tunnels’ inhabitants from poison gases. Gas- and water-proof hatches, as well as thick concrete main gates, were constructed to protect the tunnels from fallout.”

Even in one of the world’s newest deserts there are still signs of life

From Noema: “Until the 1960s, the Aral was the world’s fourth-largest inland body of water, covering an area of around 26,300 square miles. Its Uzbek name, Orol Dengizi, meant “Sea of Islands.” In the space of the last six decades it has shrunk to a tenth of its former size, one of the worst ecological disasters in history. Technically an endorheic lake, a body of water with no natural outlet, its existence was dependent on the inflow of two rivers: the Amu Darya and, farther to the north, the Syr Darya. Under Soviet mismanagement, both rivers were diverted into arid steppe to irrigate booming cotton farms. The planners knew what was happening but considered the loss worthwhile; the Aral became what ecologists term a “sacrifice zone.” As the shoreline receded year by year, the water’s salt content increased, causing a mass die-off of aquatic species. The exposed seabed has become the Aralkum, the world’s youngest desert.”

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What MySpace Tom has been up to since he sold the company

From Links I Would Gchat You: “Tom Anderson, in the cultural imagination, is the tech bro that got away. He’s a foil to the Musks and Mark Zuckerbergs of the world, the exception that proves their rule isn’t that great. Just take a scroll through Myspace Tom’s assorted feeds, all ironically housed on the social platforms that usurped his influence, and observe the rare, precious sight of a very rich man contentedly minding his own damn business. Since stepping away from the limelight, Anderson golfs. He takes lavish international vacations. He pals around with former “Amazing Race” contestants. Anderson always made something of an oddball founder — a product of Los Angeles, he reportedly hacked Chase Bank not to steal money, but to level-up his code. He later studied English at Berkeley and attended film school in LA.”

A military base in the Korean DMZ has a par-3 golf hole in the middle of a minefield

From Wikipedia: “Camp Bonifas is home to the United Nations Command Security Battalion-Joint Security Area, whose primary mission is to monitor and enforce the Korean Armistice Agreement of 1953 between North and South Korea. Republic of Korea and United States Forces Korea soldiers conduct the United Nations Command DMZ Orientation Program tours of the JSA and surrounding areas. The camp has a gift shop which sells DMZ- and JSA-related souvenirs. The camp was formerly known as Camp Kitty Hawk. Access to the Neutral Nations Monitors (Sweden and Switzerland), on Camp Swiss-Swede, was through Camp Bonifas. There is a par 3 one-hole “golf course” at the camp which includes an AstroTurf green and is surrounded on three sides by minefields. Sports Illustrated called it the most dangerous hole in golf and there are reports that at least one errant shot detonated a land mine.”

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Game of Thrones author co-wrote a scientific paper

From Wired: “Although fans of A Song of Ice and Fire might still be hankering for the long-delayed next book in the series, bestselling sci-fi/fantasy author George R.R. Martin has instead added a different item to his long list of publications: a peer-reviewed physics paper just published in the American Journal of Physics that he coauthored. The paper derives a formula to describe the dynamics of a fictional virus that is the centerpiece of the Wild Cards series of books, a shared universe edited by Martin and Melinda M. Snodgrass, with some 44 authors contributing. Wild Cards grew out of the Superworld RPG, specifically a long-running campaign game-mastered by Martin in the 1980s, with several of the original sci-fi writers who contributed to the series participating. Initially, Martin planned to write a novel centered on his character Turtle, but he then decided it would be better as a shared universe anthology.”

A 1,900-year-old papyrus describes a Roman case of tax fraud and slave rebellion

From Gizmodo: “In 2014, a researcher realized that the longest Greek papyrus ever found in the Judaean Desert was not what it seemed. The newly translated scroll reveals extraordinary details of a judicial hearing involving two men accused of crimes, including inciting rebellion on the eve of a massive revolt. Researchers in Austria and Israel have translated the longest Greek papyrus ever found in the Judaean Desert. Previously unearthed, misidentified, and then nearly forgotten, Hannah Cotton Paltiel of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem rediscovered the papyrus in 2014. Now, Paltiel and her colleagues have translated the text, revealing it to be prosecutors’ notes for an ancient Roman trial from the early second century CE. The artifact provides unique insight into a case that dealt with tax fraud, forgery, and the fraudulent sale and freeing of enslaved people during a period of tension in the Roman province of Judaea.”

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DeepSeek’s real magic doesn’t have anything to do with AI

I know a technology event has really hit the mainstream when my brother-in-law asks me about it. “What’s this about some Chinese AI thing called DeepSeek?” he asked me recently with a quizzical look. I don’t think the AI technology aspect of DeepSeek was what sparked this question, since he doesn’t know anything (or care) about the details of AI. I think what probably triggered his interest was the same thing that triggered the interest of lots of non-tech types: the fact that news about DeepSeek’s AI advancements caused US stock markets to suddenly go into free fall. Nvidia — the chip-maker that is one of the most valuable stocks in the world — lost as much market value in a single day (~$600 billion) as the gross domestic product of a medium-sized country.

Was this justified? Not really. Suffice it to say that most traders and brokerage firms don’t exactly have a nuanced understanding of AI. Also, at its peak Nvidia was trading for about 50 times its projected earnings (it has been as high as 77 times recently), and about 30 times its projected revenue. Those are eye-popping numbers — by comparison, Apple trades for about 35 times its projected earnings and 10 times future revenue — and any time a stock is selling for that kind of valuation, even the slightest bump in the road will cause a massive selloff. Traders who invest in these kinds of stocks are a little like people who have drunk 45 cups of coffee — they are extremely nervous, and the finger that is perpetually hovering over the “sell” button is on a hair trigger.

I should point out up front that I’m not here to give you the technical nitty-gritty behind DeepSeek’s announcement, for two reasons: ) I don’t really understand it on the kind of granular level that would make my comments worthwhile for those who do understand it, and ) There are lots of other places you can find this sort of thing, including a great overview by Ben Thompson in his newsletter Stratechery. But for those of you who aren’t already experts in this area, the 10,000-foot view is that DeepSeek — a Chinese company run by Liang Wenfeng, who started an AI-powered hedge fund and then branched out into AI as a side hustle — built an engine that is competitive with or possibly better than leading LLMs like Claude and GPT-4, but at a fraction of the cost.

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The Earth’s magnetic poles are shifting and may switch places

From Undark: “One day in 1905, the French geophysicist Bernard Brunhes brought back to his lab some rocks he’d unearthed from a freshly cut road near the village of Pont Farin. When he analyzed their magnetic properties, he was astonished at what they showed: Millions of years ago, the Earth’s magnetic poles had been on the opposite sides of the planet. North was south and south was north. The discovery spoke of planetary anarchy. Scientists had no way to explain it. Today, we know that the poles have changed places hundreds of times, most recently 780,000 years ago. (Sometimes, the poles try to reverse positions but then snap back into place, in what is called an excursion. The last time was about 40,000 years ago.) We also know that when they flip next time, the consequences for the electrical and electronic infrastructure that runs modern civilization will be dire. The question is when that will happen.”

The world record for highest number of basketball points is held by a 13-year-old

From Backpages: “My own personal gospel came to me in the form of World’s Strangest Basketball Stories, by Bart Rockwell. Published in 1993, the Chinese year of the Rooster, the book was 92 pages of pure basketball bliss for young readers to enjoy. Something jumped out to me on page 11: The Swedish Scoring Machine. Some 13 year old kid named Mats Wermelin woke up on February 5th, 1974, in Sweden and then scored 272 points in a game. And didn’t let anyone else (on either team) score! Let’s assume these Swedes played a 40 minute game (as per FIBA rules). That would mean Wermelin scored 136 per half. That’s 6.8 points per minute. Knowing that there was no three-point line back then, it would equate to a basket every 17.6 seconds. And that’s for 40 minutes, straight. Bart’s source was the 1985-86 Guinness Book of World Records.”

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This family’s genetic disorder causes fatal insomnia

From CNN: “Sonia Vallabh was in her second year at Harvard Law School in 2010 when her mother got sick. Just months before, her mother had been healthy and vibrant, planning Vallabh’s wedding. Then she began having trouble with her eyesight, and her strange symptoms progressed to the point where she couldn’t recognize her daughter. Her muscles would jerk and spasm. She spoke in tongues. By fall 2010, she was on life support, with needles, tubes and wires coming out of her. Her mother died in December 2010 at age 52. Shortly thereafter, Vallabh’s father, a doctor, pulled her aside during a visit home and told her the disease was genetic. In 1986, it was given a name: fatal familial insomnia, or FFI. Much of what doctors first learned about the disease comes from a family in Venice, Italy, who have suffered from it for over 200 years.”

Contrary to popular depictions Napoleon Bonaparte was about average height

From MissedHistory: “You’ve probably heard jokes and references to Napoleon being extremely short. This enduring misconception has shaped popular culture’s view of the French emperor, but the truth about his physical stature reveals a fascinating story of how historical propaganda can distort reality for generations to come. Gillray’s caricatures portrayed Napoleon as a diminutive, childish figure, mocking both his physical appearance and his expansionist ambitions. The widespread circulation of these images throughout Britain had a lasting impact on public perception. But Napoleon was actually about 5 feet 7 inches tall, which was average height for a man during his time period. His height was given as 5’2″, but in French units of the time, this equated to roughly 168-170 centimeters or about 5’6″ in modern measurements.”

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There’s a lie behind one of history’s most famous photos

From The Daily Beast: “The iconic ‘Napalm Girl’ photo that was taken in Vietnam in 1972 is considered one of the most powerful images depicting the human toll of armed conflict that has ever been captured, redirecting the course of the Vietnam War when it was first published and resonating still today. According to detailed investigations and the testimony of witnesses who were in the room when the fateful decision happened, Nick Út, the photographer credited with the image, did not take the photo. An Associated Press photo editor confirms what is said to have been an open secret in certain circles of the industry: a local Vietnamese stringer had actually captured the image. That man was given $20 and a print of the photo as a keepsake. Út, on the other hand, won the Pulitzer Prize, and has spent the last 52 years basking in the glory and recognition.”

The identity of Oregon’s Googly-Eye Bandit has finally been revealed

From the New York Times: “Last month, googly eyes appeared on pieces of public art throughout Bend, Ore. Drivers would rubberneck, befuddled and amused by statues of deer and other sculptures that had been given an irreverent, cross-eyed gaze. The eyes became a sensation, except among frustrated city officials, who paid for their removal. The identity of the person behind the pranks, who became known as the Googly Eye Bandit, was unknown. That is until Jeff Keith came forward to claim responsibility.Mr. Keith, 53, who runs the Guardian Group, a nonprofit focused on disrupting sex trafficking in the United States, said that in mid-December he sneaked into the middle of a roundabout and put the googly eyes on some public art. “I love making people smile,” Mr. Keith said in an interview on Saturday. “Other people started joining in. I’m not taking credit for all of them. That’s the cool part.”

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