
From LitHub: “One of the most disturbing sporting events in history took place on January 1, 1946, when the US military staged an all-star football game on a field in Nagasaki, Japan—less than five months after an atomic bomb killed over 70,000 in that city, nearly all of them civilians. The game, dubbed “The Atomic Bowl,” was played on the same day that college football bowl games were being played in the US. Today, nearly 80 years to the day after the bombings, the first vivid letters about the game and its aftermath, along with several previously unpublished images, have emerged from an unexpected source: William W. Watt, a revered English literature professor and poet whose work was for many years published in The New Yorker among other magazines. A top officer wrote a press release promising that the game would have a Marine band and Japanese girl cheerleaders. But they would have to play touch, not tackle, football because shards from the atomic blast still littered the field.”
How the invention of the marine chronometer in the 18th century changed the world forever

From Science Direct: “Until the eighteenth century, accurate offshore navigation was an impossible dream. There was no method or technology to determine longitude precisely in the open sea. The longitude puzzle was finally solved with the marine chronometer, one of the most important inventions of the era of the Industrial Revolution on a par with the steam engine. Solving the longitude puzzle] allowed not only safer but also more direct (and hence faster) passage across the oceans, resulting in greater intercontinental trade and the creation of new markets. These developments in turn caused massive shifts in population, significantly expanding the influence of some cultures while suppressing or even eradicating others. We used global data on climate, ship routes, urbanization and colonial history to investigate how the adoption of the marine chronometer reshaped transoceanic sea routes and the impact of these changes on the distribution of cities, population and European colonies across the globe.”
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